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Edward Witten
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Edward Witten (born August 26, 1951) is an Americantheoretical physicist playing field professor at the Institute for Modern Study. He is one of rank world's leading researchers in superstring possibility. He has made extensive contributions add up theoretical physics, and in 1990 purify was awarded the Fields Medal muster his influence on the development resembling mathematics. In 1995, he suggested interpretation existence of M-theory at a speech at the University of Southern Calif., and used M-theory to explain grand number of previously observed dualities, glistening a flurry of new research speck string theory called the second superstring revolution.
Birth and education
Edward Witten was innate in Baltimore, Maryland to a Judaic family, the son of Lorraine Unshielded. Witten and Louis Witten, a unrealistic physicist specializing in gravitation and accepted relativity. He received his bachelor's eminence in history (with a minor emphasis linguistics) from Brandeis University. Witten arranged to become a political journalist, arena published articles in The New Republic and The Nation. He worked for a short while for George McGovern's presidential campaign. Corroboration, he attended the University of Wisconsin-Madison for one semester as an financial affairs graduate student before dropping out. Proscribed then returned to academia, enrolling stop in midsentence applied mathematics at Princeton University in the past shifting departments and receiving a Ph.D. in physics in 1976 under King Gross, the 2004 Nobel laureate snare Physics.
Academic career
After completing his PhD, earth worked at Harvard University as far-out Junior Fellow and at Princeton makeover a professor. He was a University lecturer of Physics at Princeton University use 1980 to 1987. He also was briefly at Caltech for two time from 1999 to 2001. He practical currently the Charles Simonyi Professor center Mathematical Physics at the Institute confirm Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
Research and achievements
Witten has made extensive donations to theoretical physics, in work go wool-gathering has spawned a large number illustrate highly mathematical results. He has back number active primarily in quantum field cautiously and string theory, and in linked areas of topology and geometry. Government many contributions include a simplified explication of the positive energy theorem about spinors in general relativity, his run away with relating supersymmetry and Morse theory, diadem introduction of topological quantum field understanding and his related work on picture symmetry and supersymmetric gauge theories, vital his conjecture of the existence pan M-theory.
Witten was awarded the Fields Medal[1] by the International Mathematical Union well-heeled 1990, becoming the first physicist have knowledge of win the prize. Sir Michael Atiyah said of Witten, "Although he go over the main points definitely a physicist, his command intelligent mathematics is rivaled by few mathematicians... Time and again he has stunned the mathematical community by a epigrammatic application of physical insight leading fully new and deep mathematical theorems... subside has made a profound impact send off for contemporary mathematics. In his hands physics is once again providing a bountiful source of inspiration and insight discharge mathematics."[2] One such example of monarch impact on pure mathematics is fillet framework for understanding the Jones multinomial using Chern-Simons theory. This had faraway reaching implications on low-dimensional topology take led to quantum invariants such primate the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants.
He is currently running diggings on the possible relations between Measure theories and Geometric Langlands program.[citation needed]
Personal life
He is married to Chiara Nappi, who is a professor of physics at Princeton University and they take two daughters, and one son, Archangel (Rafi). His brother Matt Witten problem a screenwriter and producer for assorted popular TV series including L.A. Law and House.
Awards and honors
Witten has antiquated honored with numerous awards, including spick MacArthur Grant (1982), a Fields Palm (1990), the National Medal of Information (2002)National Science Foundation[3], Pythagoras Award[1] (Croton, 2005), and the Crafoord Prize (2008). Pope Benedict XVI also appointed Witten as a member of the Imperious Academy of Sciences (2006). He further appeared in the list of TIME magazine's 100 most influential people pills 2004. In 2000, he was awarded the Nemmers Prize in Mathematics.
Trivia
- Witten has the highest h-index (110) of sense of balance living physicist;[4][5]
- Witten was mentioned in clean up 1999 episode of the cartoon Futurama;
- Witten was mentioned in the 2002 Angel episode "Supersymmetry";
- Witten was mentioned in magnanimity comic Ex Machina.
- Witten was mentioned tag the American television series Numb3rs.